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Fossard, Marion

Nom
Fossard, Marion
Affiliation principale
Fonction
Professeure ordinaire
Email
marion.fossard@unine.ch
Identifiants
https://libra.unine.ch/handle/123456789/581
_
0000-0002-4955-2354

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  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Use of reference markers in the speech of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Evidence from two referential communication tasks manipulating common ground with the interaction partner
    (2025)
    Amélie M. Achim
    ;
    Dominique Knutsen
    ;
    Marc-André Roy
    ;
    Souleymane Gadio
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    Introduction: People with schizophrenia spectrum disorders present with language dysfunctions, yet we know little about their use of reference markers (indefinite markers, definite markers, pronouns or names), a fundamental aspect of efficient speech production. Methods: Twenty-five (25) participants with a recent-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SZ) and 25 healthy controls (HC) completed two referential communication tasks. The tasks involved presenting to an interaction partner a series of movie characters (character identification task) and movie scenes composed of six images (narration task). A manipulation was introduced such that half of the movies could be considered as Likely-Known by the interaction partner, whereas the other half was Likely-Unknown. The analyses focused on the reference markers used to present the movie characters during the tasks. Results: During the character identification task, the SZ group used fewer names and more pronouns than the HC. During the narration task, the SZ group used fewer names and more definite references when initially introducing the main story characters, while no group effect emerged for subsequent mentions of the characters. The observed effects of conditions were generally present across both groups, except for a lesser adjustment in the use of definite markers when introducing the story characters. Conclusions: While some group differences emerged, people with SZ were generally sensitive to the manipulation regarding their interaction partner's likely knowledge of the characters. A better understanding of the conditions in which speech production is affected in SZ could help promote more efficient communication.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Being well understood and generating interest during verbal interactions: the role of theory of mind and clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
    (2025)
    Audrey Cayouette
    ;
    Caroline Cellard
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    ;
    Dominique Knutsen
    ;
    Marc-andré Roy
    ;
    Maxime Rancourt
    ;
    D'Amours Stephanie
    ;
    Bourget, Rose
    ;
    Bolduc, Laurie
    ;
    Achim, Amelie, M
  • Publication
    Accès libre
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Time reference in aphasia: are there differences between tenses and aphasia fluency type? A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
    (2024-02-08)
    Cordonier, Natacha 
    ;
    Schaffner, Evodie 
    ;
    Zeroual Lana
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    Time reference is used to build the temporal framework of discourse and is essential in ensuring efficient communication. Several studies have reported time reference deficits in fluent and non-fluent aphasia and have shown that tenses (past, present, future) are not all impaired to the same extent. However, there is little consensus on the dissociations between tenses, and the question of the influence of the type of aphasia (fluent vs. non-fluent) on time reference remains open. Therefore, a systematic review and an individual participant data meta-analysis (or mega-analysis) were conducted to determine (1) whether one tense is more impaired than another in fluent and non-fluent aphasia and, if so, (2) which task and speaker-related factors moderate tense effects. The systematic review resulted in 35 studies reporting the performance in time reference of 392 participants. The mega-analysis was then performed on 23 studies for a total of 232 participants and showed an alteration of past tense compared to present and future tenses in both types of aphasia. The analysis also showed a task and an age effect on time reference but no gender effect, independently of tenses. These results add to our knowledge of time reference in aphasia and have implications for future therapies.
  • Publication
    Accès libre
    Le test de compréhension de l’IRonie et des Requêtes Indirectes – version courte (IRRI-C) : développement, validité de contenu et données normatives préliminaires.
    (2024)
    Cordonier, Natacha 
    ;
    Maud Champagne-Lavau
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    Background: Following a traumatic brain injury or right hemisphere damage, many patients have difficulty understanding non-literal language. However, tools for assessing this disorder are sorely lacking in French. The existing tests (in particular the IRonie and Indirect Request comprehension test - IRRI) also have certain limitations, including the time-consuming administration. Objectives: The present study aims to present (1) the construction, (2) the content validity, and (3) the preliminary normative data of the short version of the Irony and Indirect Requests comprehension test (IRRI-C). Methods: (1) To select the twelve items of each IRRI-C task, difficulty and discrimination indices, item-total score correlations, and differences in correct responses between patients and control participants were calculated from the responses of 33 brain-damaged participants and 102 control subjects to the long version (36 items) of the IRRI test. (2) The tool was then given to seven speech and language therapists and neuropsychologists, who used a questionnaire to assess the clarity and relevance of the IRRI-C in assessing the target construct. (3) Finally, the IRRI-C was administered to 121 control subjects aged between 20 and 65 years to provide preliminary normative data. Results: (1) The twelve stimuli with the best difficulty and discrimination indices, item-total score correlations, and the greatest differences between patients and control participants were selected for each task. A PowerPoint presentation, a scoring sheet, and an introduction and scoring booklet were produced and made available to clinicians on the Internet. (2) Questionnaires on construct validity showed that the IRRI-C was highly relevant for assessing the target construct and that the introductory booklet, instructions, and scoring guide were very clear. (3) Norms stratified according to the variables of interest manipulated in the tasks (context, executive demand, and presence of markers) were calculated as percentiles. Conclusion: The IRRI-C fills an important gap in French-language pragmatics assessment tools. Its shorter format and stratification of norms make it a tool better adapted to clinical reality and conducive to the development of diagnostic hypotheses and therapeutic goals. Future improvements, including validation in different populations and a finer-grained analysis of production during scoring, will further enhance its clinical relevance.
  • Publication
    Restriction temporaire
    Quel rôle discursif donner à un marqueur de référence floue ?
    (2024)
    Gilles Col
    ;
    Fossard, Marion 
    ;
    Amélie M. Achim
    ;
    Sandoz, Mélanie 
    ;
    Dominique Knutsen
    Dans un corpus de dialogues narratifs, nous montrons que l’utilisation de « on » ne vise pas à définir une référence claire et précise, mais plutôt à partager un point de vue et à introduire des entités sur la scène verbale : « on » sert à rendre saillants les entités et les événements narrés tout en effaçant la source narrative, créant ainsi un flou référentiel dynamique et évolutif. Cette observation relativise la catégorisation habituelle de « on » comme « indéfini », et souligne plutôt son rôle essentiel dans la structuration de la narration dans un contexte de dialogue direct. Nos résultats révèlent ainsi la contribution de « on » à la cohérence et la cohésion du discours.